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br Results The newly synthesized leucine ureido derivatives
2024-07-18
Results The newly synthesized leucine ureido derivatives were firstly evaluated for their enzymatic inhibition using porcine kidney APN (Microsomal, Biocol) with bestatin as the positive control (Table 1). One isoleucine ureido derivative 14 and phenylglycine ureido derivative 15 were also synthe
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br Introduction Diabetes mellitus DM is a chronic metabolic
2024-07-18
Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of glucose in the blood. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by insufficient insulin production and needs a daily administration of insulin. Actually, no prevention is known for Type 1 diabetes. Type
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Although ACE genetic variance does not influence the level o
2024-07-17
Although ACE genetic variance does not influence the level of bradykinin significantly, the bradykinin level tends to be affected by ACE inhibitor therapy used by patients. ACE inhibitor reduces the ACE activity that may lead to the accumulation of serum bradykinin. The level of bradykinin tends to
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RG108 Fig A shows a schematic representation of histological
2024-07-17
Fig. 2A shows a schematic representation of histological results according to the Franklin and Paxinos Mouse Brain Atlas (2001). The black circles represent the sites of drug infusion that were on-target within the amygdala. Gray circles represent the animals that had infusion locations outside the
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br Autophagy at the Synapse The synapse
2024-07-17
Autophagy at the Synapse The synapse is a highly specialized neuronal compartment that forms the basic unit of communication between neurons. Communication relies on electrical signals that are propagated down the axon of the presynaptic neuron, where they trigger the quantal release of neurotran
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Introduction The first use of
2024-07-17
Introduction The first use of the term “autophagy” by a French physiologist, M. Anselmier, in a short article describing the effects of fasting in mice published in 1859, took place almost a century before Christian De Duve described it from a mechanistic point of view in a symposium on lysosomes i
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br Introduction Cadmium is a major component of
2024-07-17
Introduction Cadmium is a major component of heavy metal pollution. Phytoremediation is considered to be the more effective method for recovering contaminated soil [[1], [2], [3], [4]] via cadmium absorption, transport, and accumulation. Several cadmium-associated proteins have previously been we
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In a study highlighted the usefulness of arginase
2024-07-17
In 2010, a study highlighted the usefulness of arginase-1 as a sensitive and specific marker of hepatocytic differentiation for diagnostic pathology [9]. Subsequent studies have validated the high sensitivity and specificity of arginase-1, in particular its added value in evaluating poorly different
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Therefore in the present study we first examined the ATRAP
2024-07-17
Therefore, in the present study, we first examined the ATRAP Alisol B 23-acetate in human leukocytes of healthy subjects. We next analyzed possible relevant clinical factors affecting ATRAP expression in leukocytes of patients with NCDs. Furthermore, we examined the possible effect of ATRAP downreg
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br Acknowledgments br Introduction Amyloid
2024-07-17
Acknowledgments Introduction Amyloid deposit formation is defined by the aggregation of β-sheeted forms of proteins that appear as starch-like amorphous material [1], [2]. Using a Kongo red stain, amyloids show birefringence behavior and an apple-green to reddish multicolor emission. Extracere
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Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis are hallmarks of the NASH
2024-07-17
Hepatic Baicalin and fibrosis are hallmarks of the NASH phenotype and are thought to occur in a subset of patients with NAFLD. While it is hypothesized that therapeutic lowering of hepatic lipids will be sufficient to improve hepatic fibrosis and inflammation secondarily, this remains controversial
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Kim et al found that hydroxydopamine OHDA promoted the atrop
2024-07-17
Kim et al. (2013) found that 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) promoted the atrophy of dopaminergic neurons associated with the activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), the translocation of apoptosis inductor factor (AIF) and the depletion of ATP. An increase in p-AMPK and pS6K (upstream kinase o
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In light of several reports of defects in
2024-07-17
In light of several reports of defects in memory-related tasks for the dysbindin-deficient mice (Cox et al., 2009, Takao et al., 2008), it was rather unexpected that an enhancement of CA3–CA1 LTP was observed in our investigation as well as in another independent study (T.T. Tang et al., 2009). The
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br Author Contributions br Acknowledgments br Introduction C
2024-07-17
Author Contributions Acknowledgments Introduction Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pathological phenomenon that occurs after restoration of blood supply to BH3I-1 tissues subsequent to ischemia or hypoxia (Carden and Granger, 2000). It typically occurs after therapeutic thro
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There are human genes in the SLC A family and
2024-07-16
There are 12 human genes in the SLC5A family, and 6 of these are expressed in human heart (Table 2). Little is known about SGLT proteins in the heart. Zhou et al. [56] reported the presence of SGLT1 mRNA in the human heart. Researchers have found that levels of SGLT1 mRNA in heart are approximately
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