• br Under normal physiological conditions the agonist binds

  2025-02-19

  

  Under normal physiological conditions, the agonist binds to AT1R on the surface of the plasma membrane and activates the receptor, mediating downstream signaling. Then, activated AT1R is phosphorylated by protein kinase C (PKC) [13] or G protein coupled receptor kinases (GPKs, such as GRK2 [13], G

• Under some pathological conditions AT R

  2025-02-19

  

  Under some pathological conditions, AT1R internalization is decreased when agonist exposure is prolonged. This weakens or removes the AT1R desensitization effect and leads to AT1R and downstream signal overactivation. AT1R overactivation can result in continued biological effects such as sustained v

• inositol phosphatase To elucidate this relationship we devel

  2025-02-19

  

  To elucidate this relationship, we developed a spatial model of Ca-influx through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), CaMKII/PP1 activation, and AMPAR insertion in a realistic spine geometry. Using this model, we show that i) variables in membrane voltage mediated Ca-influx, particularly the numb

• br The role of LOX plays in autophagy Autophagy

  2025-02-19

  

  The role of 12/15-LOX plays in autophagy Autophagy is a process by which cellular material is delivered to lysosomal to degrade the damaged organelles and proteins to facilitate nutrient recycling (Towers and Thorburn, 2016). There has been characterized three types of autophagy-macroautophagy, m

• In AD and possibly other forms

  2025-02-19

  

  In AD, and possibly other forms of dementia, it has been suggested that tau mislocalization to dendritic spines anticipates neurodegeneration [48]. Accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau in dendritic spies would cause a derangement of synaptic function, thereby impairing excitatory synaptic transmi

• br Introduction Psychostimulant abuse and addiction remain a

  2025-02-19

  

  Introduction Psychostimulant abuse and addiction remain a societal problem in the United States. The latest statistics from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health indicate that slightly less than one million people over the age of 12 report having a cocaine use disorder (NSDUH, 2016). Additio

• A decrease in lactate concentration in

  2025-02-19

  

  A decrease in lactate concentration in the incubation medium was observed in samples treated with heparin and 2′,5′-dideoxyadenosine compared with the control (0.05; Fig. 2B). Discussion In the present study we compared the oxidative metabolism and intracellular signals of heparin, the glycosami

• While the direct effects of ARI lead to a dramatic

  2025-02-18

  

  While the direct effects of 5-ARI lead to a dramatic orthopox in serum DHT levels, other laboratory values are also affected by 5-ARI use. Serum testosterone elevations are known to occur with both finasteride and dutasteride use, but values will typically remain within the normal laboratory range

• br Results br Discussion Although they

  2025-02-18

  

  Results Discussion Although they do not have protein-coding capacity, lncRNAs make up a large part of the transcripts of the genome, and they play fundamental roles in carcinogenesis and osteosarcoma progression through regulation of tumor proliferation and metastasis. These lncRNAs include MA

• br Conclusion br Acknowledgments This research has been supp

  2025-02-18

  

  Conclusion Acknowledgments This research has been supported by the Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund 2013 of Chulalongkorn University (CU-56-341-AS) and the Ratchadapiseksompotch Fund (RA55/22), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University. The authors commemorate the 100th Anniversary of

• br The Molecular Machinery of

  2025-02-18

  

  The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy and Regulation by Sphingolipids Sphingolipid-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved stress response that typically promotes survival and antagonizes apoptosis. However, excessive autophagy was found to

• Our results suggest that plasma

  2025-02-18

  

  Our results suggest that plasma membrane and a3-containing V-ATPases represent an important and novel target in the development of drugs to limit breast cancer metastasis. That knock-down of a3 has been shown to reduce metastasis of melanoma cells in an in vivo mouse model suggests that this role ma

• The interaction of ATR ATRIP

  2025-02-18

  

  The interaction of ATR-ATRIP with RPA-coated ssDNA is sufficient for ATR-ATRIP recruitment to DNA lesions, but it is not sufficient to fully activate ATR. In response to DNA damage, the heterotrimeric ring-shaped complex 9-1-1 (RAD9-RAD1-HUS1 in humans; Ddc1-Rad17-Mec3 in S. cerevisiae) is loaded at

• Furthermore low affinity sites that share no structural

  2025-02-18

  

  Furthermore, low-affinity sites that share no structural homology with the aforementioned sites have been described in the transmembrane domain. It has been discovered that, in α1βγ2 receptors, potentiation of GABA-activated currents by high concentrations of diazepam is biphasic, with a high- and a

• As regards LEPR Sun et al showed that the

  2025-02-18

  

  As regards LEPR, Sun et al. showed that the rs1137101-223A > G polymorphism influences the effectiveness of simvastatin on plasma HDL-C levels in CHD patients [35]. In accordance with the results of García-Bermúdez et al., however, no such an association exists between leptin rs2167270 (G > A) polym

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